Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research
Volume 5, Issue 4 , Pages 180-186 , July 2010

Over-flexing the horse's neck: A modern equestrian obsession?

  • Paul D. McGreevy

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress for reprint requests and correspondence: Paul D. McGreevy, Faculty of Veterinary Science (B19), University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Phone: +61-2-9352810; Fax: +61-2-93513957.
    • ,
  • Alison Harman

      Affiliations

    • Mount Hawthorn ESC, Mount Hawthorn, Western Australia, Australia
    • ,
  • Andrew McLean

      Affiliations

    • Australian Equine Behaviour Centre, Broadford, Victoria, Australia
    • ,
  • Lesley Hawson

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

References 

  1. Bartos L, Bartosová J, Starostová L. Position of the head is not associated with changes in horse vision. Equine Vet. J. 2008;40:599–601
  2. Buchner HHF, Obermüller S, Scheidl M. Body centre of mass movement in the sound horse. Vet. J. 2000;160:225–234
  3. Clayton HM. Comparison of the stride kinematics of the collected, working, medium and extended trot in horses. Equine Vet. J. 1994;26:230–234
  4. Decarpentry AEE. Academic equitation. London, UK: J.A. Allen; 1949;
  5. Dunbar DC, MacPherson JM, Simmons RW, Zarcades A. Stabilization and mobility of the head, neck and trunk in horses during overground locomotion: comparisons with humans and other primates. J. Exp. Biol. 2008;211:3889–3907
  6. Evans KE, McGreevy PD. Conformation of the equine skull: a morphometric study. Anat. Histol. Embryol. 2006;35:221–227
  7. Evans KE, McGreevy PD. The distribution of ganglion cells in the equine retina and its relationship to skull morphology. Anat. Histol. Embryol. 2006;35:1–6
  8. Fédération Equestre Internationale . Dressage handbook guidelines for judging. Lausanne, Switzerland: FEI; 2007;
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  10. Fédération Equestre Internationale, 2010. FEI round table conference resolves rollkur controversy. Available at: http://www.fei.org/disciplines/dressage/press-releases/fei-round-table-conference-resolves-rollkur-controversy. Accessed February 18, 2010.
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  12. Holmstrőm M, Drevemo S. Effects of trot quality and collection on the angular velocity in the hindlimbs of riding horses. Equine Vet. J. Suppl. 1997;23:62–65
  13. Holmstrőm M, Fredricson I, Drevemo S. Biokinematic effects of collection on the trotting gaits in the elite dressage horse. Equine Vet. J. 1995;27:281–287
  14. Karl P. The twisted truths of modern dressage. Brunsbek, Germany: Cadmos; 2008;
  15. McGreevy PD. The advent of equitation science. Vet. J. 2007;174:492–500
  16. McGreevy PD, McLean AN. The roles of learning theory and ethology in equitation. J. Vet. Behav.: Clin. Appl. Res. 2007;2:108–118
  17. McGreevy, P.D., McLean, A.N., Warren-Smith, A.K., Waran, N., Goodwin, D. (Eds.), 2005. Defining the terms and processes associated with equitation. Proceedings of the 1st International Equitation Science Symposium, Broadford, Victoria, Australia, Post-Graduate Foundation in Veterinary Science, Sydney, pp. 10–43.
  18. McGreevy PD, Oddie C, Burton FL, McLean AN. The horse-human dyad: can we align horse training and handling activities with the equid social ethogram?. Vet. J. 2009;181:12–18
  19. McLean AN, McLean M. Academic horse training: equitation science in practice. Australia: McLean Andrew & Manuela. Australian Equine Behaviour Centre, Broadford, Victoria; 2009;
  20. Mehl ML, Schott HC, Sarkar DK, Bayly WM. Effects of exercise intensity and duration on beta-endorphin concentrations in horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 2000;61:969–973
  21. Petsche VM, Derksen FJ, Berney CE, Robinson NE. Effect of head position on upper airway function in exercising horses. Equine Vet. J. Suppl. 1995;18:18–22
  22. Podhajsky A. The complete training of horse and rider in the principles of classical horsemanship (E. Podhajsky and V.D.S. Williams, Trans.). New York, NY: Doubleday, Bantam Doubleday Dell; 1966;
  23. Van Weeren R, Schrijer S. Auf dem falschen rucken ausgetragen. Reiterrevue. 2003;7:13–15
  24. Warren-Smith AK, McGreevy PD. Equestrian coaches' understanding and application of learning theory in horse training. Anthrozőos. 2008;21:153–162

PII: S1558-7878(10)00060-2

doi: 10.1016/j.jveb.2010.03.004

Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research
Volume 5, Issue 4 , Pages 180-186 , July 2010

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