Is breed-specific legislation justified? Study of the results of the temperament test of Lower Saxony

Schalke, Esther; Ott, Stefanie A.; von Gaertner, Amelie M.; Hackbarth, Hansjoachim; Mittmann, Angela

doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2007.10.004

« Previous Next »Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research
Volume 3, Issue 3 , Pages 97-103, May 2008

Is breed-specific legislation justified? Study of the results of the temperament test of Lower Saxony

Esther Schalke, DVM, PhD
- Institute for Animal Welfare and Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Germany
- Address for reprint requests and correspondence: E. Schalke, Institute for Animal Welfare and Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Buenteweg 2, 30559 Hanover, Germany.
Stefanie A. Ott, DVM
- Institute for Animal Welfare and Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Germany
Amelie M. von Gaertner, DVM
- Institute for Animal Welfare and Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Germany
Hansjoachim Hackbarth, DVM, PhD
- Institute for Animal Welfare and Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Germany
Angela Mittmann, DVM, PhD, FTA
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Ethology and Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany

Abstract

Beginning in July 2000 legislation in Lower Saxony restricted the keeping of bull terriers, American Staffordshire terriers, pit bull terriers, and 11 other breeds. Exemption was possible after attending an especially developed test. The tests analyzed for breed predisposition for excessively aggressive signaling or aggressive behavior in inappropriate situations, differences in behavior between breeds, and factors differentiating biting from nonbiting dogs.

The test results of 415 dogs were analyzed. The test consisted of a veterinary examination; a learning test; situations of dog-human, dog-environment, and dog-dog contact; and obedience. Escalation in aggressive behavior was scored using a scale of 1-7. No aggressive behavior (1 on the scale) was shown by 38.07% of the dogs, 61.69% showed aggressive behavior scored as 2 to 5 on the scale, and 0.24% bit without previous threatening signals (6 on the scale).

Concerning a score of 1 on the scale, pairwise comparison (chi-square test) showed significant differences between bull terriers and American Staffordshire terriers (P = 0.004), pit bull terriers (P = 0.01), Doberman pinschers (P = 0.003), and rottweilers (P = 0.009). Concerning scores of 2 to 7 on the scale,, no significant differences were found.

Ninety-five percent of the animals reacted appropriately in the test situation. Five percent displayed excessive aggressive signaling or aggressive behavior in inappropriate situations. These displays were associated with unusual movements and the dogs' apparent apprehension. Correlation between test results and owners jerking on the leash or misinterpreting their dogs' behavior and dogs trying to elude physical manipulation was found. No significant difference in behavior between breeds was detected.

The results show no indication of dangerousness in specific breeds. Justification for specific breed lists in the legislation was not shown.

Keywords: aggressive behavior, temperament test, breed-specific legislation